Using this extrapolation, a " Type 0" civilization, not defined by Kardashev, would control about 1 MW of power, and humanity's civilization type as of 1973 was about 0.7 (apparently using 10 terawatt (TW) as the value for 1970s humanity). Where value K is a civilization's Kardashev rating and P is the power it uses, in watts. Ĭarl Sagan suggested defining intermediate values (not considered in Kardashev's original scale) by interpolating and extrapolating the values given above for types I (10 16 W), II (10 26 W) and III (10 36 W), which would produce the formula Physicist and futurist Michio Kaku suggested that, if humans increase their energy consumption at an average rate of 3 percent each year, they may attain Type I status in 100–200 years, Type II status in a few thousand years, and Type III status in 100,000 to a million years. Current status of human civilization įurther information: World energy consumptionĪt the current time, humanity has not yet reached Type I civilization status. However, new types (0, IV, V, VI) have been proposed. Kardashev believed that a Type 4 civilization was impossible, so he did not go past Type 3. Lemarchand stated this as a civilization with access to the power comparable to the luminosity of the entire Milky Way galaxy, about 4 ×10 44 erg/sec (4 ×10 37 watts). Type III A civilization in possession of energy at the scale of its own galaxy, with energy consumption at ≈4 ×10 44 erg/sec. The energy use would then be comparable to the luminosity of the Sun, about 4 ×10 33 erg/sec (4 ×10 26 watts). Lemarchand stated this as a civilization capable of using and channeling the entire radiation output of its star. Type II A civilization capable of harnessing the energy radiated by its own star-for example, the stage of successful construction of a Dyson sphere or Matrioshka brain-with energy consumption at ≈4 ×10 33 erg/sec. Lemarchand stated this as a level near contemporary terrestrial civilization with an energy capability equivalent to the solar insolation on Earth, between 10 16 and 10 17 watts. Currently, the civilization of Type I is usually defined as one that can harness all the energy that falls on a planet from its parent star (for Earth–Sun system, this value is close to 1.74 ×10 17 watts), which is about four orders of magnitude higher than the amount presently attained on Earth, with energy consumption at ≈2 ×10 13 watts. Type I Technological level of a civilization that is "close to the level presently attained on Earth, with energy consumption at ≈4 ×10 19 erg/sec" (4 ×10 12 watts).
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In 1964, Kardashev defined three levels of civilization, based on the order of magnitude of power available to each: